use core::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
use std::cmp::Ordering;
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet};

use crate::ir::*;
use crate::opt::opt_utils::*;
use crate::opt::*;

pub type Mem2reg = FunctionPass<Mem2regInner>;

#[derive(Default, Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct Mem2regInner {}

impl Optimize<FunctionDefinition> for Mem2regInner {
    fn optimize(&mut self, code: &mut FunctionDefinition) -> bool {
        let mut inpromotables = HashSet::new();
        let mut stores = HashMap::new();

        for (bid, block) in &code.blocks {
            for inst in &block.instructions {
                match inst.deref() {
                    Instruction::Nop | Instruction::Load { .. } => (),
                    Instruction::BinOp { lhs, rhs, .. } => {
                        mark_as_inpromotable(&mut inpromotables, lhs);
                        mark_as_inpromotable(&mut inpromotables, rhs);
                    }
                    Instruction::UnaryOp { operand, .. } => {
                        mark_as_inpromotable(&mut inpromotables, operand);
                    }
                    Instruction::Store { ptr, value } => {
                        mark_as_inpromotable(&mut inpromotables, value);
                        if let Some((RegisterId::Local { aid }, _)) = ptr.get_register() {
                            let _ = stores.entry(*aid).or_insert_with(HashSet::new).insert(*bid);
                        }
                    }
                    Instruction::Call { callee, args, .. } => {
                        mark_as_inpromotable(&mut inpromotables, callee);
                        for arg in args {
                            mark_as_inpromotable(&mut inpromotables, arg);
                        }
                    }
                    Instruction::TypeCast { value, .. } => {
                        mark_as_inpromotable(&mut inpromotables, value);
                    }
                    Instruction::GetElementPtr { ptr, .. } => {
                        mark_as_inpromotable(&mut inpromotables, ptr);
                    }
                    _ => unreachable!(),
                }
            }
        }

        if inpromotables.len() == code.allocations.len() {
            return false;
        }

        let cfg = make_cfg(code);
        let reverse_cfg = reverse_cfg(&cfg);
        let domtree = Domtree::new(code.bid_init, &cfg, &reverse_cfg);

        let phinodes = stores
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|(aid, _)| !inpromotables.contains(aid))
            .map(|(aid, bids)| {
                let mut stack = bids.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
                let mut visited = HashSet::new();
                while let Some(bid) = stack.pop() {
                    if let Some(bid_frontiers) = domtree.frontiers(&bid) {
                        for bid_frontier in bid_frontiers {
                            if visited.insert(*bid_frontier) {
                                stack.push(*bid_frontier);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                (aid, visited)
            })
            .collect::<BTreeMap<_, _>>(); // aid -> [bid]
        let mut phinode_indexes = HashMap::new(); // (aid, bid) -> phinode index
        let mut phinode_allocs = HashMap::new(); // bid -> [(aid, dtype)]

        for (aid, bids) in phinodes {
            for bid in bids {
                let block = code.blocks.get_mut(&bid).unwrap();
                block.phinodes.push(code.allocations[aid].clone());
                let _ = phinode_indexes.insert((aid, bid), block.phinodes.len() - 1);
                phinode_allocs.entry(bid).or_insert_with(Vec::new).push(aid);
            }
        }

        let mut replaces = HashMap::new();
        traverse_po(
            code.bid_init,
            code,
            &inpromotables,
            &domtree,
            (&phinode_indexes, &phinode_allocs),
            HashMap::new(),
            &mut replaces,
        );

        for (bid, block) in code.blocks.iter_mut() {
            loop {
                let mut changed = false;
                for inst in block.instructions.iter_mut() {
                    changed = replace_instruction_operands(inst, &replaces) || changed;
                }
                changed = replace_exit_operands(&mut block.exit, &replaces) || changed;

                if !changed {
                    break;
                }
            }

            for inst in block.instructions.iter_mut() {
                match inst.deref().deref() {
                    Instruction::Store { ptr, .. } => {
                        if let Some((RegisterId::Local { aid }, _)) = ptr.get_register() {
                            if !inpromotables.contains(aid) {
                                *inst.deref_mut() = Instruction::Nop;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    Instruction::Load { ptr } => {
                        if let Some((RegisterId::Local { aid }, _)) = ptr.get_register() {
                            if !inpromotables.contains(aid) {
                                *inst.deref_mut() = Instruction::Nop;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    _ => (),
                }
            }
        }

        true
    }
}

fn mark_as_inpromotable(inpromotables: &mut HashSet<usize>, operand: &Operand) {
    if let Some((RegisterId::Local { aid }, _)) = operand.get_register() {
        let _ = inpromotables.insert(*aid);
    }
}

type PhinodeInfo<'a> = (
    &'a HashMap<(usize, BlockId), usize>,
    &'a HashMap<BlockId, Vec<usize>>,
);

fn traverse_po(
    bid: BlockId,
    code: &mut FunctionDefinition,
    inpromotables: &HashSet<usize>,
    domtree: &Domtree,
    (phinode_indexes, phinode_allocs): PhinodeInfo<'_>,
    mut block_stacks: HashMap<BlockId, HashMap<usize, Operand>>,
    replaces: &mut HashMap<RegisterId, Operand>,
) {
    let block = code.blocks.get_mut(&bid).unwrap();
    let block_stack = code
        .allocations
        .iter()
        .enumerate()
        .filter(|(aid, _)| !inpromotables.contains(aid))
        .map(|(aid, dtype)| {
            let initial_value = find_latest_value(
                aid,
                dtype.deref().clone(),
                bid,
                domtree,
                phinode_indexes,
                &block_stacks,
            );
            (aid, initial_value)
        })
        .collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();
    let block_stack = block_stacks.entry(bid).or_insert(block_stack);

    for (i, inst) in block.instructions.iter().enumerate() {
        match inst.deref() {
            Instruction::Store { ptr, value } => {
                if let Some((RegisterId::Local { aid }, _)) = ptr.get_register() {
                    if let Some(value_stack) = block_stack.get_mut(aid) {
                        *value_stack = value.clone();
                    }
                }
            }
            Instruction::Load { ptr } => {
                if let Some((RegisterId::Local { aid }, _)) = ptr.get_register() {
                    if let Some(value_stack) = block_stack.get(aid) {
                        let _unused =
                            replaces.insert(RegisterId::temp(bid, i), value_stack.clone());
                    }
                }
            }
            _ => (),
        }
    }

    match &mut block.exit {
        BlockExit::Jump { arg } => {
            fill_jump_args(arg, phinode_allocs, block_stack);
        }
        BlockExit::ConditionalJump {
            arg_then, arg_else, ..
        } => {
            fill_jump_args(arg_then, phinode_allocs, block_stack);
            fill_jump_args(arg_else, phinode_allocs, block_stack);
        }
        BlockExit::Switch { default, cases, .. } => {
            fill_jump_args(default, phinode_allocs, block_stack);
            for (_, arg) in cases {
                fill_jump_args(arg, phinode_allocs, block_stack);
            }
        }
        _ => (),
    }

    if let Some(bids_successors) = domtree.successors(&bid) {
        for bid_successor in bids_successors {
            traverse_po(
                *bid_successor,
                code,
                inpromotables,
                domtree,
                (phinode_indexes, phinode_allocs),
                block_stacks.clone(),
                replaces,
            );
        }
    }
}

fn find_latest_value(
    aid: usize,
    dtype: Dtype,
    bid: BlockId,
    domtree: &Domtree,
    phinode_indexes: &HashMap<(usize, BlockId), usize>,
    block_stacks: &HashMap<BlockId, HashMap<usize, Operand>>,
) -> Operand {
    if let Some(block_stack) = block_stacks.get(&bid) {
        if let Some(value_stack) = block_stack.get(&aid) {
            return value_stack.clone();
        }
    }

    if let Some(phinode_index) = phinode_indexes.get(&(aid, bid)) {
        Operand::register(RegisterId::arg(bid, *phinode_index), dtype)
    } else if let Some(bid_idom) = domtree.idom(&bid) {
        find_latest_value(
            aid,
            dtype,
            *bid_idom,
            domtree,
            phinode_indexes,
            block_stacks,
        )
    } else {
        Operand::constant(Constant::undef(dtype))
    }
}

fn fill_jump_args(
    arg: &mut JumpArg,
    phinode_allocs: &HashMap<BlockId, Vec<usize>>,
    block_stack: &HashMap<usize, Operand>,
) {
    if let Some(phinode_allocs) = phinode_allocs.get(&arg.bid) {
        for aid in phinode_allocs {
            arg.args.push(block_stack[aid].clone());
        }
    }
}